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module ActiveRecord::Encryption::EncryptableRecord

This is the concern mixed in Active Record models to make them encryptable. It adds the encrypts attribute declaration, as well as the API to encrypt and decrypt records.

Constants

ORIGINAL_ATTRIBUTE_PREFIX

"original_"

Public instance methods

add_length_validation_for_encrypted_columns()

Source code GitHub 
# File activerecord/lib/active_record/encryption/encryptable_record.rb, line 132
def add_length_validation_for_encrypted_columns
  encrypted_attributes&.each do |attribute_name|
    validate_column_size attribute_name
  end
end

ciphertext_for(attribute_name)

Returns the ciphertext for attribute_name.

Source code GitHub 
# File activerecord/lib/active_record/encryption/encryptable_record.rb, line 157
def ciphertext_for(attribute_name)
  if encrypted_attribute?(attribute_name)
    read_attribute_before_type_cast(attribute_name)
  else
    read_attribute_for_database(attribute_name)
  end
end

decrypt()

Decrypts all the encryptable attributes and saves the changes.

Source code GitHub 
# File activerecord/lib/active_record/encryption/encryptable_record.rb, line 171
def decrypt
  decrypt_attributes if has_encrypted_attributes?
end

deterministic_encrypted_attributes()

Returns the list of deterministic encryptable attributes in the model class.

Source code GitHub 
# File activerecord/lib/active_record/encryption/encryptable_record.rb, line 58
def deterministic_encrypted_attributes
  @deterministic_encrypted_attributes ||= encrypted_attributes&.find_all do |attribute_name|
    type_for_attribute(attribute_name).deterministic?
  end
end

encrypt()

Encrypts all the encryptable attributes and saves the changes.

Source code GitHub 
# File activerecord/lib/active_record/encryption/encryptable_record.rb, line 166
def encrypt
  encrypt_attributes if has_encrypted_attributes?
end

encrypt_attribute(name, key_provider: nil, key: nil, deterministic: false, support_unencrypted_data: nil, downcase: false, ignore_case: false, previous: [], compress: true, compressor: nil, **context_properties)

Source code GitHub 
# File activerecord/lib/active_record/encryption/encryptable_record.rb, line 84
def encrypt_attribute(name, key_provider: nil, key: nil, deterministic: false, support_unencrypted_data: nil, downcase: false, ignore_case: false, previous: [], compress: true, compressor: nil, **context_properties)
  encrypted_attributes << name.to_sym

  decorate_attributes([name]) do |name, cast_type|
    scheme = scheme_for key_provider: key_provider, key: key, deterministic: deterministic, support_unencrypted_data: support_unencrypted_data, \
      downcase: downcase, ignore_case: ignore_case, previous: previous, compress: compress, compressor: compressor, **context_properties

    ActiveRecord::Encryption::EncryptedAttributeType.new(scheme: scheme, cast_type: cast_type, default: columns_hash[name.to_s]&.default)
  end

  preserve_original_encrypted(name) if ignore_case
  ActiveRecord::Encryption.encrypted_attribute_was_declared(self, name)
end

encrypted_attribute?(attribute_name)

Returns whether a given attribute is encrypted or not.

Source code GitHub 
# File activerecord/lib/active_record/encryption/encryptable_record.rb, line 146
def encrypted_attribute?(attribute_name)
  name = attribute_name.to_s
  name = self.class.attribute_aliases[name] || name

  return false unless self.class.encrypted_attributes&.include? name.to_sym

  type = type_for_attribute(name)
  type.encrypted? read_attribute_before_type_cast(name)
end

encrypts(*names, key_provider: nil, key: nil, deterministic: false, support_unencrypted_data: nil, downcase: false, ignore_case: false, previous: [], compress: true, compressor: nil, **context_properties)

Encrypts the name attribute.

Options

  • :key_provider - A key provider to provide encryption and decryption keys. Defaults to ActiveRecord::Encryption.key_provider.

  • :key - A password to derive the key from. It’s a shorthand for a :key_provider that serves derivated keys. Both options can’t be used at the same time.

  • :deterministic - By default, encryption is not deterministic. It will use a random initialization vector for each encryption operation. This means that encrypting the same content with the same key twice will generate different ciphertexts. When set to true, it will generate the initialization vector based on the encrypted content. This means that the same content will generate the same ciphertexts. This enables querying encrypted text with Active Record. Deterministic encryption will use the oldest encryption scheme to encrypt new data by default. You can change this by setting deterministic: { fixed: false }. That will make it use the newest encryption scheme for encrypting new data.

  • :support_unencrypted_data - If ‘config.active_record.encryption.support_unencrypted_data` is true, you can set this to false to opt out of unencrypted data support for this attribute. This is useful for scenarios where you encrypt one column, and want to disable support for unencrypted data without having to tweak the global setting.

  • :downcase - When true, it converts the encrypted content to downcase automatically. This allows to effectively ignore case when querying data. Notice that the case is lost. Use :ignore_case if you are interested in preserving it.

  • :ignore_case - When true, it behaves like :downcase but, it also preserves the original case in a specially designated column +original_<name>+. When reading the encrypted content, the version with the original case is served. But you can still execute queries that will ignore the case. This option can only be used when :deterministic is true.

  • :context_properties - Additional properties that will override Context settings when this attribute is encrypted and decrypted. E.g: encryptor:, cipher:, message_serializer:, etc.

  • :previous - List of previous encryption schemes. When provided, they will be used in order when trying to read the attribute. Each entry of the list can contain the properties supported by encrypts. Also, when deterministic encryption is used, they will be used to generate additional ciphertexts to check in the queries.

Source code GitHub 
# File activerecord/lib/active_record/encryption/encryptable_record.rb, line 49
def encrypts(*names, key_provider: nil, key: nil, deterministic: false, support_unencrypted_data: nil, downcase: false, ignore_case: false, previous: [], compress: true, compressor: nil, **context_properties)
  self.encrypted_attributes ||= Set.new # not using :default because the instance would be shared across classes

  names.each do |name|
    encrypt_attribute name, key_provider: key_provider, key: key, deterministic: deterministic, support_unencrypted_data: support_unencrypted_data, downcase: downcase, ignore_case: ignore_case, previous: previous, compress: compress, compressor: compressor, **context_properties
  end
end

global_previous_schemes_for(scheme)

Source code GitHub 
# File activerecord/lib/active_record/encryption/encryptable_record.rb, line 78
def global_previous_schemes_for(scheme)
  ActiveRecord::Encryption.config.previous_schemes.filter_map do |previous_scheme|
    scheme.merge(previous_scheme) if scheme.compatible_with?(previous_scheme)
  end
end

override_accessors_to_preserve_original(name, original_attribute_name)

Source code GitHub 
# File activerecord/lib/active_record/encryption/encryptable_record.rb, line 109
def override_accessors_to_preserve_original(name, original_attribute_name)
  include(Module.new do
    define_method name do
      if ((value = super()) && encrypted_attribute?(name)) || !ActiveRecord::Encryption.config.support_unencrypted_data
        send(original_attribute_name)
      else
        value
      end
    end

    define_method "#{name}=" do |value|
      self.send "#{original_attribute_name}=", value
      super(value)
    end
  end)
end

preserve_original_encrypted(name)

Source code GitHub 
# File activerecord/lib/active_record/encryption/encryptable_record.rb, line 98
def preserve_original_encrypted(name)
  original_attribute_name = "#{ORIGINAL_ATTRIBUTE_PREFIX}#{name}".to_sym

  if !ActiveRecord::Encryption.config.support_unencrypted_data && !column_names.include?(original_attribute_name.to_s)
    raise Errors::Configuration, "To use :ignore_case for '#{name}' you must create an additional column named '#{original_attribute_name}'"
  end

  encrypts original_attribute_name
  override_accessors_to_preserve_original name, original_attribute_name
end

scheme_for(key_provider: nil, key: nil, deterministic: false, support_unencrypted_data: nil, downcase: false, ignore_case: false, previous: [], **context_properties)

Source code GitHub 
# File activerecord/lib/active_record/encryption/encryptable_record.rb, line 70
def scheme_for(key_provider: nil, key: nil, deterministic: false, support_unencrypted_data: nil, downcase: false, ignore_case: false, previous: [], **context_properties)
  ActiveRecord::Encryption::Scheme.new(key_provider: key_provider, key: key, deterministic: deterministic,
    support_unencrypted_data: support_unencrypted_data, downcase: downcase, ignore_case: ignore_case, **context_properties).tap do |scheme|
    scheme.previous_schemes = global_previous_schemes_for(scheme) +
    Array.wrap(previous).collect { |scheme_config| ActiveRecord::Encryption::Scheme.new(**scheme_config) }
  end
end

source_attribute_from_preserved_attribute(attribute_name)

Given a attribute name, it returns the name of the source attribute when it’s a preserved one.

Source code GitHub 
# File activerecord/lib/active_record/encryption/encryptable_record.rb, line 65
def source_attribute_from_preserved_attribute(attribute_name)
  attribute_name.to_s.sub(ORIGINAL_ATTRIBUTE_PREFIX, "") if attribute_name.start_with?(ORIGINAL_ATTRIBUTE_PREFIX)
end

validate_column_size(attribute_name)

Source code GitHub 
# File activerecord/lib/active_record/encryption/encryptable_record.rb, line 138
def validate_column_size(attribute_name)
  if limit = columns_hash[attribute_name.to_s]&.limit
    validates_length_of attribute_name, maximum: limit
  end
end

Definition files