class Time
Inherits From
-
module
DateAndTime::
Calculations -
module
DateAndTime::
Compatibility -
module
DateAndTime::
Zones
Constants
{
db: "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",
inspect: "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%9N %z",
number: "%Y%m%d%H%M%S",
nsec: "%Y%m%d%H%M%S%9N",
usec: "%Y%m%d%H%M%S%6N",
time: "%H:%M",
short: "%d %b %H:%M",
long: "%B %d, %Y %H:%M",
long_ordinal: lambda { |time|
day_format = ActiveSupport::Inflector.ordinalize(time.day)
time.strftime("%B #{day_format}, %Y %H:%M")
},
rfc822: lambda { |time|
offset_format = time.formatted_offset(false)
time.strftime("%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S #{offset_format}")
},
rfc2822: lambda { |time| time.rfc2822 },
iso8601: lambda { |time| time.iso8601 }
}
Attributes
[RW] | zone_default |
Public class methods
Overriding case equality method so that it returns true for ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone
instances
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb, line 18
def ===(other)
super || (self == Time && other.is_a?(ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone))
end
Also aliased as:
at
.
Layers additional behavior on Time.at
so that ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone
and DateTime
instances can be used when called with a single argument
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb, line 45
def at_with_coercion(time_or_number, *args)
if args.empty?
if time_or_number.is_a?(ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone)
at_without_coercion(time_or_number.to_r).getlocal
elsif time_or_number.is_a?(DateTime)
at_without_coercion(time_or_number.to_f).getlocal
else
at_without_coercion(time_or_number)
end
else
at_without_coercion(time_or_number, *args)
end
end
Alias for:
at
.
Returns Time.zone.now
when Time.zone
or config.time_zone
are set, otherwise just returns Time.now
.
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb, line 39
def current
::Time.zone ? ::Time.zone.now : ::Time.now
end
Returns the number of days in the given month. If no year is specified, it will use the current year.
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb, line 24
def days_in_month(month, year = current.year)
if month == 2 && ::Date.gregorian_leap?(year)
29
else
COMMON_YEAR_DAYS_IN_MONTH[month]
end
end
Returns the number of days in the given year. If no year is specified, it will use the current year.
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb, line 34
def days_in_year(year = current.year)
days_in_month(2, year) + 337
end
Returns a TimeZone instance matching the time zone provided. Accepts the time zone in any format supported by Time.zone=
. Returns nil
for invalid time zones.
Time.find_zone "America/New_York" # => #<ActiveSupport::TimeZone @name="America/New_York" ...>
Time.find_zone "NOT-A-TIMEZONE" # => nil
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/zones.rb, line 93
def find_zone(time_zone)
find_zone!(time_zone) rescue nil
end
Returns a TimeZone instance matching the time zone provided. Accepts the time zone in any format supported by Time.zone=
. Raises an ArgumentError
for invalid time zones.
Time.find_zone! "America/New_York" # => #<ActiveSupport::TimeZone @name="America/New_York" ...>
Time.find_zone! "EST" # => #<ActiveSupport::TimeZone @name="EST" ...>
Time.find_zone! -5.hours # => #<ActiveSupport::TimeZone @name="Bogota" ...>
Time.find_zone! nil # => nil
Time.find_zone! false # => false
Time.find_zone! "NOT-A-TIMEZONE" # => ArgumentError: Invalid Timezone: NOT-A-TIMEZONE
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/zones.rb, line 81
def find_zone!(time_zone)
return time_zone unless time_zone
ActiveSupport::TimeZone[time_zone] || raise(ArgumentError, "Invalid Timezone: #{time_zone}")
end
Creates a Time
instance from an RFC 3339 string.
Time.rfc3339('1999-12-31T14:00:00-10:00') # => 2000-01-01 00:00:00 -1000
If the time or offset components are missing then an ArgumentError
will be raised.
Time.rfc3339('1999-12-31') # => ArgumentError: invalid date
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb, line 69
def rfc3339(str)
parts = Date._rfc3339(str)
raise ArgumentError, "invalid date" if parts.empty?
Time.new(
parts.fetch(:year),
parts.fetch(:mon),
parts.fetch(:mday),
parts.fetch(:hour),
parts.fetch(:min),
parts.fetch(:sec) + parts.fetch(:sec_fraction, 0),
parts.fetch(:offset)
)
end
Allows override of Time.zone
locally inside supplied block; resets Time.zone
to existing value when done.
class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
around_action :set_time_zone
private
def set_time_zone
Time.use_zone(current_user.timezone) { yield }
end
end
NOTE: This won’t affect any ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone
objects that have already been created, e.g. any model timestamp attributes that have been read before the block will remain in the application’s default timezone.
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/zones.rb, line 61
def use_zone(time_zone)
new_zone = find_zone!(time_zone)
begin
old_zone, ::Time.zone = ::Time.zone, new_zone
yield
ensure
::Time.zone = old_zone
end
end
Returns the TimeZone for the current request, if this has been set (via Time.zone=
). If Time.zone
has not been set for the current request, returns the TimeZone specified in config.time_zone
.
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/zones.rb, line 14
def zone
::ActiveSupport::IsolatedExecutionState[:time_zone] || zone_default
end
Sets Time.zone
to a TimeZone object for the current request/thread.
This method accepts any of the following:
-
A Rails TimeZone object.
-
An identifier for a Rails TimeZone object (e.g., “Eastern Time (US & Canada)”,
-5.hours
). -
A
TZInfo::Timezone
object. -
An identifier for a
TZInfo::Timezone
object (e.g., “America/New_York”).
Here’s an example of how you might set Time.zone
on a per request basis and reset it when the request is done. current_user.time_zone
just needs to return a string identifying the user’s preferred time zone:
class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
around_action :set_time_zone
def set_time_zone
if logged_in?
Time.use_zone(current_user.time_zone) { yield }
else
yield
end
end
end
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/zones.rb, line 41
def zone=(time_zone)
::ActiveSupport::IsolatedExecutionState[:time_zone] = find_zone!(time_zone)
end
Public instance methods
Also aliased as:
minus_without_duration
, minus_without_coercion
.
Alias for:
minus_with_coercion
.
Duck-types as a Time-like class. See Object#acts_like?
.
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/acts_like.rb, line 7
def acts_like_time?
true
end
Uses Date to provide precise Time calculations for years, months, and days according to the proleptic Gregorian calendar. The options
parameter takes a hash with any of these keys: :years
, :months
, :weeks
, :days
, :hours
, :minutes
, :seconds
.
Time.new(2015, 8, 1, 14, 35, 0).advance(seconds: 1) # => 2015-08-01 14:35:01 -0700
Time.new(2015, 8, 1, 14, 35, 0).advance(minutes: 1) # => 2015-08-01 14:36:00 -0700
Time.new(2015, 8, 1, 14, 35, 0).advance(hours: 1) # => 2015-08-01 15:35:00 -0700
Time.new(2015, 8, 1, 14, 35, 0).advance(days: 1) # => 2015-08-02 14:35:00 -0700
Time.new(2015, 8, 1, 14, 35, 0).advance(weeks: 1) # => 2015-08-08 14:35:00 -0700
Just like Date#advance
, increments are applied in order of time units from largest to smallest. This order can affect the result around the end of a month.
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb, line 194
def advance(options)
unless options[:weeks].nil?
options[:weeks], partial_weeks = options[:weeks].divmod(1)
options[:days] = options.fetch(:days, 0) + 7 * partial_weeks
end
unless options[:days].nil?
options[:days], partial_days = options[:days].divmod(1)
options[:hours] = options.fetch(:hours, 0) + 24 * partial_days
end
d = to_date.gregorian.advance(options)
time_advanced_by_date = change(year: d.year, month: d.month, day: d.day)
seconds_to_advance = \
options.fetch(:seconds, 0) +
options.fetch(:minutes, 0) * 60 +
options.fetch(:hours, 0) * 3600
if seconds_to_advance.zero?
time_advanced_by_date
else
time_advanced_by_date.since(seconds_to_advance)
end
end
Returns a new Time representing the time a number of seconds ago, this is basically a wrapper around the Numeric extension
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb, line 220
def ago(seconds)
since(-seconds)
end
Alias for:
beginning_of_day
.
Alias for:
beginning_of_hour
.
Alias for:
beginning_of_minute
.
Alias for:
end_of_day
.
Alias for:
end_of_hour
.
Alias for:
end_of_minute
.
Alias for:
middle_of_day
.
Alias for:
middle_of_day
.
Alias for:
beginning_of_day
.
Alias for:
middle_of_day
.
Also aliased as:
midnight
, at_midnight
, at_beginning_of_day
.
Returns a new Time representing the start of the day (0:00)
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb, line 238
def beginning_of_day
change(hour: 0)
end
Also aliased as:
at_beginning_of_hour
.
Returns a new Time representing the start of the hour (x:00)
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb, line 267
def beginning_of_hour
change(min: 0)
end
Also aliased as:
at_beginning_of_minute
.
Returns a new Time representing the start of the minute (x:xx:00)
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb, line 283
def beginning_of_minute
change(sec: 0)
end
Returns a new Time where one or more of the elements have been changed according to the options
parameter. The time options (:hour
, :min
, :sec
, :usec
, :nsec
) reset cascadingly, so if only the hour is passed, then minute, sec, usec, and nsec is set to 0. If the hour and minute is passed, then sec, usec, and nsec is set to 0. The options
parameter takes a hash with any of these keys: :year
, :month
, :day
, :hour
, :min
, :sec
, :usec
, :nsec
, :offset
. Pass either :usec
or :nsec
, not both.
Time.new(2012, 8, 29, 22, 35, 0).change(day: 1) # => Time.new(2012, 8, 1, 22, 35, 0)
Time.new(2012, 8, 29, 22, 35, 0).change(year: 1981, day: 1) # => Time.new(1981, 8, 1, 22, 35, 0)
Time.new(2012, 8, 29, 22, 35, 0).change(year: 1981, hour: 0) # => Time.new(1981, 8, 29, 0, 0, 0)
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb, line 123
def change(options)
new_year = options.fetch(:year, year)
new_month = options.fetch(:month, month)
new_day = options.fetch(:day, day)
new_hour = options.fetch(:hour, hour)
new_min = options.fetch(:min, options[:hour] ? 0 : min)
new_sec = options.fetch(:sec, (options[:hour] || options[:min]) ? 0 : sec)
new_offset = options.fetch(:offset, nil)
if new_nsec = options[:nsec]
raise ArgumentError, "Can't change both :nsec and :usec at the same time: #{options.inspect}" if options[:usec]
new_usec = Rational(new_nsec, 1000)
else
new_usec = options.fetch(:usec, (options[:hour] || options[:min] || options[:sec]) ? 0 : Rational(nsec, 1000))
end
raise ArgumentError, "argument out of range" if new_usec >= 1000000
new_sec += Rational(new_usec, 1000000)
if new_offset
::Time.new(new_year, new_month, new_day, new_hour, new_min, new_sec, new_offset)
elsif utc?
::Time.utc(new_year, new_month, new_day, new_hour, new_min, new_sec)
elsif zone.respond_to?(:utc_to_local)
new_time = ::Time.new(new_year, new_month, new_day, new_hour, new_min, new_sec, zone)
# Some versions of Ruby have a bug where Time.new with a zone object and
# fractional seconds will end up with a broken utc_offset.
# This is fixed in Ruby 3.3.1 and 3.2.4
unless new_time.utc_offset.integer?
new_time += 0
end
# When there are two occurrences of a nominal time due to DST ending,
# `Time.new` chooses the first chronological occurrence (the one with a
# larger UTC offset). However, for `change`, we want to choose the
# occurrence that matches this time's UTC offset.
#
# If the new time's UTC offset is larger than this time's UTC offset, the
# new time might be a first chronological occurrence. So we add the offset
# difference to fast-forward the new time, and check if the result has the
# desired UTC offset (i.e. is the second chronological occurrence).
offset_difference = new_time.utc_offset - utc_offset
if offset_difference > 0 && (new_time_2 = new_time + offset_difference).utc_offset == utc_offset
new_time_2
else
new_time
end
elsif zone
::Time.local(new_sec, new_min, new_hour, new_day, new_month, new_year, nil, nil, isdst, nil)
else
::Time.new(new_year, new_month, new_day, new_hour, new_min, new_sec, utc_offset)
end
end
Also aliased as:
<=>
.
Layers additional behavior on Time#<=>
so that DateTime
and ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone
instances can be chronologically compared with a Time
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb, line 329
def compare_with_coercion(other)
# we're avoiding Time#to_datetime and Time#to_time because they're expensive
if other.class == Time
compare_without_coercion(other)
elsif other.is_a?(Time)
# also avoid ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone#to_time before Rails 8.0
if other.respond_to?(:comparable_time)
compare_without_coercion(other.comparable_time)
else
compare_without_coercion(other.to_time)
end
else
to_datetime <=> other
end
end
Alias for:
<=>
.
Also aliased as:
at_end_of_day
.
Returns a new Time representing the end of the day, 23:59:59.999999
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb, line 256
def end_of_day
change(
hour: 23,
min: 59,
sec: 59,
usec: Rational(999999999, 1000)
)
end
Also aliased as:
at_end_of_hour
.
Returns a new Time representing the end of the hour, x:59:59.999999
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb, line 273
def end_of_hour
change(
min: 59,
sec: 59,
usec: Rational(999999999, 1000)
)
end
Also aliased as:
at_end_of_minute
.
Returns a new Time representing the end of the minute, x:xx:59.999999
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb, line 289
def end_of_minute
change(
sec: 59,
usec: Rational(999999999, 1000)
)
end
Also aliased as:
eql?
.
Layers additional behavior on Time#eql?
so that ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone
instances can be eql? to an equivalent Time
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb, line 349
def eql_with_coercion(other)
# if other is an ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone, coerce a Time instance from it so we can do eql? comparison
other = other.comparable_time if other.respond_to?(:comparable_time)
eql_without_coercion(other)
end
Alias for:
eql?
.
Returns a formatted string of the offset from UTC, or an alternative string if the time zone is already UTC.
Time.local(2000).formatted_offset # => "-06:00"
Time.local(2000).formatted_offset(false) # => "-0600"
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/conversions.rb, line 69
def formatted_offset(colon = true, alternate_utc_string = nil)
utc? && alternate_utc_string || ActiveSupport::TimeZone.seconds_to_utc_offset(utc_offset, colon)
end
Alias for:
since
.
Alias for:
middle_of_day
.
Also aliased as:
midday
, noon
, at_midday
, at_noon
, at_middle_of_day
.
Returns a new Time representing the middle of the day (12:00)
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb, line 246
def middle_of_day
change(hour: 12)
end
Alias for:
beginning_of_day
.
Also aliased as:
-
.
Time#-
can also be used to determine the number of seconds between two Time instances. We’re layering on additional behavior so that ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone
instances are coerced into values that Time#-
will recognize
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb, line 320
def minus_with_coercion(other)
other = other.comparable_time if other.respond_to?(:comparable_time)
other.is_a?(DateTime) ? to_f - other.to_f : minus_without_coercion(other)
end
Alias for:
-
.
Alias for:
-
.
Returns a new time the specified number of days in the future.
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb, line 363
def next_day(days = 1)
advance(days: days)
end
Returns a new time the specified number of months in the future.
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb, line 373
def next_month(months = 1)
advance(months: months)
end
Returns a new time the specified number of years in the future.
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb, line 383
def next_year(years = 1)
advance(years: years)
end
Alias for:
middle_of_day
.
Returns a new time the specified number of days ago.
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb, line 358
def prev_day(days = 1)
advance(days: -days)
end
Returns a new time the specified number of months ago.
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb, line 368
def prev_month(months = 1)
advance(months: -months)
end
Returns a new time the specified number of years ago.
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb, line 378
def prev_year(years = 1)
advance(years: -years)
end
Returns the fraction of a second as a Rational
Time.new(2012, 8, 29, 0, 0, 0.5).sec_fraction # => (1/2)
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb, line 107
def sec_fraction
subsec
end
Returns the number of seconds since 00:00:00.
Time.new(2012, 8, 29, 0, 0, 0).seconds_since_midnight # => 0.0
Time.new(2012, 8, 29, 12, 34, 56).seconds_since_midnight # => 45296.0
Time.new(2012, 8, 29, 23, 59, 59).seconds_since_midnight # => 86399.0
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb, line 91
def seconds_since_midnight
to_i - change(hour: 0).to_i + (usec / 1.0e+6)
end
Returns the number of seconds until 23:59:59.
Time.new(2012, 8, 29, 0, 0, 0).seconds_until_end_of_day # => 86399
Time.new(2012, 8, 29, 12, 34, 56).seconds_until_end_of_day # => 41103
Time.new(2012, 8, 29, 23, 59, 59).seconds_until_end_of_day # => 0
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb, line 100
def seconds_until_end_of_day
end_of_day.to_i - to_i
end
Also aliased as:
in
.
Returns a new Time representing the time a number of seconds since the instance time
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb, line 225
def since(seconds)
self + seconds
rescue TypeError
result = to_datetime.since(seconds)
ActiveSupport.deprecator.warn(
"Passing an instance of #{seconds.class} to #{self.class}#since is deprecated. This behavior will raise " \
"a `TypeError` in Rails 8.1."
)
result
end
Alias for:
to_fs
.
Also aliased as:
to_formatted_s
.
Converts to a formatted string. See DATE_FORMATS
for built-in formats.
This method is aliased to to_formatted_s
.
time = Time.now # => 2007-01-18 06:10:17 -06:00
time.to_fs(:time) # => "06:10"
time.to_formatted_s(:time) # => "06:10"
time.to_fs(:db) # => "2007-01-18 06:10:17"
time.to_fs(:number) # => "20070118061017"
time.to_fs(:short) # => "18 Jan 06:10"
time.to_fs(:long) # => "January 18, 2007 06:10"
time.to_fs(:long_ordinal) # => "January 18th, 2007 06:10"
time.to_fs(:rfc822) # => "Thu, 18 Jan 2007 06:10:17 -0600"
time.to_fs(:rfc2822) # => "Thu, 18 Jan 2007 06:10:17 -0600"
time.to_fs(:iso8601) # => "2007-01-18T06:10:17-06:00"
Adding your own time formats to to_fs
You can add your own formats to the Time::DATE_FORMATS
hash. Use the format name as the hash key and either a strftime string or Proc instance that takes a time argument as the value.
# config/initializers/time_formats.rb
Time::DATE_FORMATS[:month_and_year] = '%B %Y'
Time::DATE_FORMATS[:short_ordinal] = ->(time) { time.strftime("%B #{time.day.ordinalize}") }
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/conversions.rb, line 55
def to_fs(format = :default)
if formatter = DATE_FORMATS[format]
formatter.respond_to?(:call) ? formatter.call(self).to_s : strftime(formatter)
else
to_s
end
end
Either return self
or the time in the local system timezone depending on the setting of ActiveSupport.to_time_preserves_timezone
.
Source code GitHub
# File activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/compatibility.rb, line 13
def to_time
preserve_timezone ? self : getlocal
end
Definition files
activesupport/
lib/ active_support/ core_ext/ object/ blank.rb activesupport/
lib/ active_support/ core_ext/ object/ json.rb activesupport/
lib/ active_support/ core_ext/ time/ acts_like.rb activesupport/
lib/ active_support/ core_ext/ time/ calculations.rb activesupport/
lib/ active_support/ core_ext/ time/ compatibility.rb activesupport/
lib/ active_support/ core_ext/ time/ conversions.rb activesupport/
lib/ active_support/ core_ext/ time/ zones.rb